Quantum vortices in fermionic superfluids: from ultracold atoms to neutron stars

TL;DR

This paper reviews the properties and dynamics of quantum vortices in fermionic superfluids, highlighting their relevance to understanding neutron star behavior and comparing ultracold gases with neutron matter.

Contribution

It provides an overview of quantum vortex characteristics in fermionic superfluids, emphasizing their structure, dynamics, and relevance to neutron star physics.

Findings

Quantum vortices exhibit similar features in ultracold gases and neutron matter.

Vortex dynamics depend on pairing correlations in fermionic superfluids.

Insights from ultracold gases inform neutron star superfluid behavior.

Abstract

Superfluid dilute neutron matter and ultracold gas, close to the unitary regime, exhibit several similarities. Therefore, to a certain extent, fermionic ultracold gases may serve as emulators of dilute neutron matter, which forms the inner crust of neutron stars and is not directly accessed experimentally. Quantum vortices are one of the most significant properties of neutron superfluid, essential for comprehending neutron stars' dynamics. The structure and dynamics of quantum vortices as a function of pairing correlations' strength are being investigated experimentally and theoretically in ultracold gases. Certain aspects of these studies are relevant to neutron stars. We provide an overview of the characteristics of quantum vortices in s-wave-type fermionic and electrically neutral superfluids. The main focus is on the dynamics of fermionic vortices and their intrinsic structure.