Cosmic Ray Muons in Laboratories Deep Underground
William Woodley, Anatoli Fedynitch, Marie-C\'ecile Piro

TL;DR
This paper presents a comprehensive, open-source computational framework for accurately predicting muon fluxes, spectra, and energies in deep underground laboratories, aiding cosmic ray and dark matter research.
Contribution
It introduces MUTE v3, a new calculation code that models muon fluxes in diverse underground environments without relying on underground measurements.
Findings
Excellent agreement with existing data for most sites
Verification of measurement consistency across different detectors
Open-source tool for accurate muon flux predictions
Abstract
We provide comprehensive calculations of total muon fluxes, energy and angular spectra, and mean muon energies in deep underground laboratories - under flat overburdens and mountains and underwater - using our latest calculation code, MUTE v3. For precise modeling, we compiled rock densities and chemical compositions for various underground labs, as well as topographic map profiles of overburdens, and integrated them into our calculations. Our results show excellent agreement with available data for most underground sites when using the latest surface muon flux model, daemonflux. Moreover, since our calculations do not rely on underground measurements of muons or other secondaries, we can verify the consistency of measurements across different detectors at different sites. MUTE is an open-source, publicly available program, providing a solid framework for accurate muon flux predictions…
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Taxonomy
TopicsParticle Detector Development and Performance · Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena · Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
