Fitting the DESI BAO Data with Dark Energy Driven by the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson Bound

TL;DR

This paper tests a dark energy model based on the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound against recent cosmological data, finding it fits better than the standard Lambda-CDM model and offers a viable alternative for explaining cosmic acceleration.

Contribution

It introduces a time-dependent dark energy model derived from quantum gravity considerations and demonstrates its compatibility with recent observational data.

Findings

CKN model fits DESI BAO, Hubble, and supernova data better than Lambda-CDM.

The model provides a competitive alternative to existing time-dependent dark energy theories.

Results support quantum gravity effects as a potential explanation for dark energy.

Abstract

Gravity constrains the range of validity of quantum field theory. As has been pointed out by Cohen, Kaplan, and Nelson (CKN), such effects lead to interdependent ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) cutoffs that may stabilize the dark energy of the universe against quantum corrections, if the IR cutoff is set by the Hubble horizon. As a consequence of the cosmic expansion, this argument implies a time-dependent dark energy density. In this paper we confront this idea with recent data from DESI BAO, Hubble and supernova measurements. We find that the CKN model provides a better fit to the data than the $\Lambda$CDM model and can compete with other models of time-dependent dark energy that have been studied so far.