The Tolman-Ehrenfest criterion of thermal equilibrium in scalar-tensor gravity
Numa Karolinski, Valerio Faraoni
TL;DR
This paper extends the Tolman-Ehrenfest criterion for thermal equilibrium to scalar-tensor gravity, revealing that the scalar field does not influence thermal equilibrium conditions, contrary to expectations.
Contribution
It generalizes the thermal equilibrium criterion to scalar-tensor gravity and shows the scalar field's non-influence on thermal equilibrium.
Findings
Scalar field does not affect thermal equilibrium conditions.
Heat distribution remains unaffected by gravitational strength.
The scalar-tensor extension differs from general relativity expectations.
Abstract
The Tolman-Ehrenfest criterion for the thermal equilibrium of a fluid at rest in a static general-relativistic geometry is generalized to scalar-tensor gravity. Surprisingly, the gravitational scalar field, which fixes the strength of the effective gravitational coupling, does not play a role in determining thermal equilibrium. As a result, heat does not sink more in a gravitational field where gravity is stronger.
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Taxonomy
TopicsCosmology and Gravitation Theories · Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics · Geophysics and Gravity Measurements