Few-Body Quantum Chaos, Localization, and Multi-Photon Entanglement in Optical Synthetic Frequency Dimension

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel optical system utilizing synthetic frequency dimensions to generate controllable entangled photons and explore complex quantum phases such as chaos and localization, advancing quantum information processing.

Contribution

It presents a new platform for studying many-body quantum phases in photonics and proposes experimental methods to characterize chaos and phase transitions via spectral form factors.

Findings

Demonstrates controllable generation of frequency-entangled photons.

Identifies signatures of quantum chaos, localization, and integrability.

Proposes experimental measurement techniques for quantum phase characterization.

Abstract

Generation and control of entanglement are fundamental tasks in quantum information processing. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to generate controllable frequency-entangled photons by using the concept of synthetic frequency dimension in an optical system. Such a system consists of a ring resonator made by a tailored third-order nonlinear media to induce photon-photon interactions and a periodic modulator to manipulate coupling between different frequency modes. We show this system provides a unique platform for the exploration of distinct few- or many-body quantum phases including chaos, localization, and integrability in a highly integrable photonics platform. In particular, we develop the potential experimental method to calculate the spectral form factor, which characterizes the degree of chaos in the system and differentiates between these phases based on observable measurements. Interestingly, the transition signatures of each phase can lead to an efficient generation of frequency-entangled multi photons. This work is the first to explore rich and controllable quantum phases beyond single particle in a synthetic dimension.