The renormalized classical spin liquid on the ruby lattice

TL;DR

This paper uses large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations to explore the thermodynamic properties of a quantum spin liquid on the ruby lattice, revealing a renormalized classical spin liquid with constant entropy density across various parameters.

Contribution

It demonstrates the existence of a renormalized classical spin liquid in the PXP model with constant entropy density, extending understanding of thermodynamics in frustrated quantum spin systems.

Findings

Constant entropy density approaches ln(2)/6 in the thermodynamic limit.

Constant entropy plateaus persist with Van der Waals interactions, with shifts depending on detuning.

The study provides insights into the thermodynamics of quantum spin liquids relevant for experimental realizations.

Abstract

The recent experimental detection of the onset of a dynamically prepared, gapped $Z_2$ quantum spin liquid on the ruby lattice brought the physics of frustrated magnetism and lattice gauge theory to Rydberg tweezer arrays (Semeghini et al, Science 374, 1242 (2021)). The thermodynamic properties of such models remain inadequately addressed, yet knowledge thereof is indispensable if one wants to prepare large, robust, and long-lived quantum spin liquids. Using large scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations we find in the PXP model a renormalized classical spin liquid with constant entropy density $S/N$ approaching $\ln(2)/6$ in the thermodynamic limit for all moderate and large values of the detuning $\delta$ and starting from $T/\Omega \sim 0.5$ (in units of the Rabi frequency $\Omega$) down to the lowest temperatures we could simulate, $T/\Omega \sim 0.01$. With Van der Waals interactions, constant entropy plateaus are still found but its value shifts with $\delta$. We comment the adiabatic approximation to the dynamical ramps for the electric degrees of freedom.