NarrativeBridge: Enhancing Video Captioning with Causal-Temporal Narrative

TL;DR

NarrativeBridge introduces a new benchmark and model for video captioning that explicitly captures causal and temporal narratives, significantly improving the description of cause-effect relationships in videos.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel Causal-Temporal Narrative benchmark and a Cause-Effect Network model that effectively encode and generate causal-temporal video descriptions, addressing a key gap in existing methods.

Findings

CEN outperforms state-of-the-art models on CIDEr scores.

The approach generalizes well across datasets.

It captures intricate causal-temporal structures in videos.

Abstract

Existing video captioning benchmarks and models lack causal-temporal narrative, which is sequences of events linked through cause and effect, unfolding over time and driven by characters or agents. This lack of narrative restricts models' ability to generate text descriptions that capture the causal and temporal dynamics inherent in video content. To address this gap, we propose NarrativeBridge, an approach comprising of: (1) a novel Causal-Temporal Narrative (CTN) captions benchmark generated using a large language model and few-shot prompting, explicitly encoding cause-effect temporal relationships in video descriptions; and (2) a Cause-Effect Network (CEN) with separate encoders for capturing cause and effect dynamics, enabling effective learning and generation of captions with causal-temporal narrative. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CEN significantly outperforms state-of-the-art models in articulating the causal and temporal aspects of video content: 17.88 and 17.44 CIDEr on the MSVD-CTN and MSRVTT-CTN datasets, respectively. Cross-dataset evaluations further showcase CEN's strong generalization capabilities. The proposed framework understands and generates nuanced text descriptions with intricate causal-temporal narrative structures present in videos, addressing a critical limitation in video captioning. For project details, visit https://narrativebridge.github.io/.