Rephasing spectral diffusion in time-bin spin-spin entanglement protocols

TL;DR

This paper presents a method to correct phase errors caused by spectral diffusion in spin-spin entanglement protocols, enhancing fidelity without reducing entanglement rates in solid-state quantum networks.

Contribution

The authors introduce a shelving-based phase correction technique for quasi-static spectral diffusion, applicable to systems with long-lived shelving states like rare-earth emitters and color centers.

Findings

Fidelity depends only on the excited state lifetime for quasi-static fluctuations

The protocol maintains entanglement rate while improving fidelity

Applicable to systems with long-lived shelving states such as rare-earth ions and color centers

Abstract

Generating high fidelity spin-spin entanglement is an essential task of quantum repeater networks for the distribution of quantum information across long distances. Solid-state based spin-photon interfaces are promising candidates to realize nodes of a quantum network, but are often limited by spectral diffusion of the optical transition, which results in phase errors on the entangled states. Here, we introduce a method to correct phase errors from quasi-static frequency fluctuations after the entangled state is generated, by shelving the emitters in the excited state to refocus the unknown phase. For quasi-static frequency fluctuations, the fidelity is determined only by the lifetime of the excited state used for shelving, making it particularly suitable for systems with a long-lived shelving state with correlated spectral diffusion. Such a shelving state may be found in Kramers doublet systems such as rare-earth emitters and color centers in Si or SiC interfaced with nanophotonic cavities with a strongly frequency-dependent Purcell enhancement. The protocol can be used to generate high-fidelity entangled spin pairs without reducing the rate of entanglement generation.