Three super-Earths and a possible water world from TESS and ESPRESSO
M. J. Hobson, F. Bouchy, B. Lavie, C. Lovis, V. Adibekyan, C. Allende, Prieto, Y. Alibert, S. C. C. Barros, A. Castro-Gonz\'alez, S. Cristiani, V., D'Odorico, M. Damasso, P. Di Marcantonio, X. Dumusque, D. Ehrenreich, P., Figueira, R. G\'enova Santos

TL;DR
This study confirms and characterizes three new super-Earths and a possible water-rich planet using TESS photometry and ESPRESSO RV data, providing insights into their compositions and placing them in the context of planetary formation.
Contribution
First detailed characterization of three new super-Earths and a water world candidate from TESS and ESPRESSO data, including mass, radius, and composition analysis.
Findings
TOI-260 b is likely rocky but has uncertain eccentricity.
TOI-286 b is probably rocky, while TOI-286 c may have a significant water fraction.
TOI-134 b has a lower density, indicating a rocky or Earth-like composition.
Abstract
Since 2018, the ESPRESSO spectrograph at the VLT has been hunting for planets in the Southern skies via the RV method. One of its goals is to follow up candidate planets from transit surveys such as the TESS mission, particularly small planets. We analyzed photometry from TESS and ground-based facilities, high-resolution imaging, and RVs from ESPRESSO, HARPS, and HIRES, to confirm and characterize three new planets: TOI-260 b, transiting a late K-dwarf, and TOI-286 b and c, orbiting an early K-dwarf. We also update parameters for the known super-Earth TOI-134 b , hosted by an M-dwarf. TOI-260 b has a d period, mass and radius. For TOI-286 b we find a d period, mass and radius; for TOI-286…
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