A modular entanglement-based quantum computer architecture

TL;DR

This paper introduces a scalable modular quantum computer architecture that leverages multipartite entanglement to efficiently connect small quantum modules, enabling flexible and deterministic multi-qubit operations across modules.

Contribution

It presents a novel modular architecture utilizing multipartite entanglement for scalable and flexible quantum computation, surpassing Bell pair-based methods.

Findings

Enables deterministic multi-qubit gates between modules

Supports various entanglement topologies for flexible coupling

Improves scalability and efficiency of quantum architectures

Abstract

We propose a modular quantum computation architecture based on utilizing multipartite entanglement. Each module consists of a small-scale quantum computer comprising data, memory and entangling qubits. Entangling qubits are used to selectively couple different modules by harnessing some non-controllable, distance-dependent interaction, which is effectively controlled and enhanced via a proper adjusting of the internal state of the qubits. In this way, multipartite entangled states with different entanglement topologies can be shared between modules. These states are stored in memory qubits where they can be further processed so they can eventually be used to deterministically perform certain classes of gates or circuits between modules on demand, including parallel controlled-Z gates with arbitrary interaction patterns, multi-qubit gates or whole Clifford circuits, depending on their entanglement structure. The usage of different kinds of multipartite entanglement rather than Bell pairs allows for more efficient and flexible coupling between modules, leading to a scalable quantum computation architecture.