Dynamical and thermodynamic crossovers in the supercritical region of a holographic superfluid model

TL;DR

This paper investigates the thermodynamic and dynamical behavior of a holographic superfluid model in the supercritical region, revealing a crossover similar to fluid transitions and identifying thermodynamic separation lines, thus highlighting universal features across supercritical systems.

Contribution

It introduces a holographic superfluid model analysis in the supercritical region, identifying a dynamical crossover and thermodynamic separation lines, advancing understanding of supercritical phase behavior.

Findings

Discovery of a dynamical crossover akin to liquid-gas transition

Identification of thermodynamic separation lines based on free energy derivatives

Universal features of supercritical behavior across different physical systems

Abstract

Many physical systems, including classical fluids, present in their phase diagram the competition between two phases that are separated by a line of first-order phase transitions which terminates at a so-called critical point. Despite several proposals, in the supercritical region beyond the critical point, whether the two phases can still be distinguished and by which criterion remain open questions. In this work, we study the thermodynamics and linear dynamics of a holographic superfluid model with nonlinear potential terms in the supercritical region. We identify the presence of a dynamical crossover, akin to the liquid-like to gas-like Frenkel transition in supercritical fluids, and we define other separation lines of thermodynamic origin based on higher order derivatives of the free energy with respect to the charge density. Our results highlight the universal dynamical and thermodynamic features of supercritical systems from nuclear matter and classical fluids to superfluid systems.