Enhancing LEO Mega-Constellations with Inter-Satellite Links: Vision and Challenges

TL;DR

This paper explores the integration of inter-satellite links in LEO mega-constellations to improve autonomous network capabilities, discussing benefits, challenges, and preliminary performance insights for future 6G satellite networks.

Contribution

It presents a comprehensive overview of the advantages, technical challenges, and potential solutions for implementing inter-satellite links in LEO mega-constellations, highlighting initial performance evaluations.

Findings

ISLs enable autonomous satellite networks with improved connectivity

Preliminary performance analysis shows potential benefits for in-flight connectivity

Identifies key technical challenges and proposes possible solutions

Abstract

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites have been envisioned as a significant component of the sixth generation (6G) network architecture for achieving ubiquitous coverage and seamless access. However, the implementation of LEO satellites is largely restricted by the deployment of ground stations. Inter-satellite links (ISLs) have been regarded as a promising technique to fully exploit the potentials of LEO mega constellations by concatenating multiple satellites to constitute an autonomous space network. In this article, we present the merits of implementing ISLs in LEO mega constellations and the representative applications empowered/inspired by ISLs. Moreover, we outline several key technical challenges as well as potential solutions related to LEO satellite networks with ISLs, including performance analysis for system design, routing and load balancing, and resource allocation. Particularly, the potential of using ISLs in enhancing in-flight connectivity is showcased with a preliminary performance evaluation. Finally, some open issues are discussed to inspire future research.