Primordial black holes: the asteroid mass window

TL;DR

This paper explores the asteroid mass window of primordial black holes as dark matter candidates, proposing star capture as a promising detection method and analyzing the mechanisms and implications for constraining PBH abundance.

Contribution

It reviews and discusses star capture mechanisms for primordial black holes in the asteroid mass range, highlighting their potential for detection and constraint.

Findings

Star capture can lead to observable signatures like star destruction or supernova-like explosions.

Existing mechanisms for PBH capture by stars are summarized and analyzed.

Constraints on PBH abundance in the asteroid mass window are discussed based on capture probabilities.

Abstract

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are an attractive dark matter candidate, particularly if they can explain the totality of it. At PBH masses below $\sim 10^{17}$g and above $\sim 10^{23}$g this possibility is excluded from the variety of arguments and with different confidence. The range in between, often referred to as the "asteroid mass window", currently remains unconstrained. The most promising, in our view, way to probe this mass range is to use stars as the PBH detectors. If a star captures even a single PBH it starts being accreted onto it and eventually gets destroyed -- converted into a sub-solar mass black hole. This process may have a variety of signatures form a mere star disappearance to supernova-type explosions of a new kind. The viability of this approach depends crucially on the probability of PBH capture by stars. In this chapter we summarize the existing capture mechanisms and discuss their implications for constraining the abundance of (or perhaps discovering) PBHs in the asteroid mass window.