Static boson stars in the Einstein-Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin theory and their astrophysical images

TL;DR

This paper explores static boson star solutions within the Einstein-Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin theory, analyzing their properties, geodesics, and potential as black hole mimickers through simulated astrophysical images.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of E-FLS boson star solutions and their astrophysical signatures, including imaging with different accretion disk models.

Findings

E-FLS boson stars can mimic black hole images under certain conditions

Analysis of geodesics reveals stable circular orbits and light rings

Astrophysical images show distinguishable features from black holes

Abstract

We investigate the static boson star solutions in the so-called Einstein-Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin (E-FLS) theory, performing a complete analysis of the solution space in this model. We study the phenomenological aspects of E-FLS stars, for instance, by investigating the timelike and null geodesics with an emphasis on the analysis of circular timelike orbits and light rings. In order to study the astrophysical signatures of such stars, their images were obtained considering them surrounded by a geometrically thin accretion disk. Our results comprise two different models of accretion disks, namely the optically thin and thick disk models. We present a selection of our findings for the astrophysical images of E-FLS stars and discuss their relevance as a possible black hole mimicker.