Concurrent normals problem for convex polytopes and Euclidean distance degree

TL;DR

This paper investigates the concurrent normals problem for convex polytopes in three-dimensional space, providing new bounds, conjectures, and conditions for the number of normals from interior points, with specific results for certain polytope classes.

Contribution

It establishes that convex polytopes in D have at least 8 concurrent normals from an interior point, proposes a conjecture for 10 normals, and confirms it for certain polytope types.

Findings

Convex polytopes in D have at least 8 concurrent normals from an interior point.

Conjecture that simple polytopes in D have a point with 10 normals.

Confirmed the 10-normal conjecture for tetrahedra and triangular prisms.

Abstract

It is conjectured since long that for any convex body $P\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ there exists a point in its interior which belongs to at least $2n$ normals from different points on the boundary of $P$. The conjecture is known to be true for $n=2,3,4$. We treat the same problem for convex polytopes in $\mathbb{R}^3$. It turns out that the PL concurrent normals problem differs a lot from the smooth one. One almost immediately proves that a convex polytope in $\mathbb{R}^3$ has $8$ normals to its boundary emanating from some point in its interior. Moreover, we conjecture that each simple polytope in $\mathbb{R}^3$ has a point in its interior with $10$ normals to the boundary. We confirm the conjecture for all tetrahedra and triangular prisms and give a sufficient condition for a simple polytope to have a point with $10$ normals. Other related topics (average number of normals, minimal number of normals from an interior point, other dimensions) are discussed.