Generation of tripartite entangled states with fermionic systems

TL;DR

This paper presents a protocol for generating tripartite entangled states in fermionic systems, specifically focusing on creating fermionic W-type states and analyzing the fundamental differences with GHZ states, advancing quantum information processing.

Contribution

It introduces a novel tunneling and detection protocol to generate fermionic W-type entangled states and explores the fundamental limitations in creating GHZ-type states in indistinguishable fermions.

Findings

Successfully generates fermionic W-type states with the protocol.

The protocol cannot produce GHZ-type states, revealing fundamental differences.

Fermionic W-states can be effectively shared among localized parties.

Abstract

We propose a protocol based on a tunneling plus particle-detection process aimed at generating tripartite entanglement in a system of 3 indistinguishable fermions in a triple-well potential, initially prepared in a state exhibiting only exchange correlations. Particular attention is paid to the generation of fermionic ghz- and w-type states, which are analogous to the usual ghz- and w-type states defined in composites of distinguishable qubits. The protocol succeeds in generating fermionic w-type states, and the ensuing state becomes effectively equivalent to a 3-distinguishable-qubit w-type state shared among three localized parties. The protocol, however, is unable to generate ghz-type states, a result that highlights the fundamental inequivalence between these two types of states, and throws light into the characterization of processes that guarantee the emergence of specific kinds of multipartite entanglement in systems of identical parties. Our findings suggest new paths for the exploration, generation and exploitation of multipartite entanglement in composites of indistinguishable particles, as a useful resource for quantum information processing.