Formation of the first halos, galaxies and magnetic fields

TL;DR

This paper explores how the earliest galaxies and magnetic fields formed in the universe, linking dark matter halo evolution, star formation, and plasma processes to magnetic field generation and observable relic radiation distortions.

Contribution

It proposes a mechanism connecting early galaxy formation with magnetic field creation through plasma effects and predicts observable signatures in relic radiation.

Findings

Magnetic fields can originate from plasma processes during early galaxy formation.

Early galaxy formation influences the anisotropies in relic radiation.

Simulations show potential observable distortions in the cosmic microwave background.

Abstract

Cosmic objects with magnetic fields (quasars, radiogalaxies) are observed at redshifts $z\geq 7$ (Wang et al., 2021, Fan et al., 2023, Yang et al., 2024) and more (for instance, for $z = 10.073\pm 0.002$, Goulding et al., 2023) indicates the early creation of magnetic fields. The observations of the cosmic telescope JWST show that the first galaxies were formed at redshifts $z\simeq$ 15 -- 20. We link the transformation of the low mass dark matter halos into galaxies with the creation of the first stars owing to the radiative cooling of partly ionized hydrogen at $z\geq 10$. The early formation of galaxies creates favourable conditions for high impact of the Compton scattering of the relic radiation photons and electrons on the electron temperature and leads to the partial separation of electrons and protons. Together with turbulent motions such separation stimulates creation of magnetic fields on a galactic scale. The same processes distort the primordial perturbations of the relic radiation what can be observed and confirmed in special simulations.