Magnetic nonreciprocity in a hybrid device of asymmetric artificial spin-ice-superconductors

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a hybrid superconducting device with artificial spin ice that induces magnetic nonreciprocity in vortex motion, tunable via magnetic patterning, revealing new functionalities for superconducting electronics.

Contribution

It introduces a novel artificial spin ice structure integrated with superconductors to control vortex dynamics and induce reversible magnetic nonreciprocity.

Findings

Artificial spin ice modulates superconducting vortex motion.

Magnetic nonreciprocity is reversible via magnetic pattern tuning.

The device offers new functionalities for superconducting electronics.

Abstract

Controlling the size and distribution of potential barriers within a medium of interacting particles can unveil unique collective behaviors and innovative functionalities. In this study, we introduce a unique superconducting hybrid device using a novel artificial spin ice structure composed of asymmetric nanomagnets. This structure forms a distinctive superconducting pinning potential that steers unconventional motion of superconducting vortices, thereby inducing a magnetic nonreciprocal effect, in contrast to the electric nonreciprocal effect commonly observed in superconducting diodes. Furthermore, the polarity of the magnetic nonreciprocity is in-situ reversible through the tunable magnetic patterns of artificial spin ice. Our findings demonstrate that artificial spin ice not only precisely modulates superconducting characteristics but also opens the door to novel functionalities, offering a groundbreaking paradigm for superconducting electronics.