Layered Chirp Spread Spectrum Modulations for LPWANs

TL;DR

This paper introduces layered CSS and dual-mode CSS techniques for LPWANs that enhance spectral efficiency and reduce complexity by multiplexing multiple layers with varying chirp rates, adaptable to different detection methods.

Contribution

Proposes novel layered CSS and dual-mode CSS schemes that improve spectral efficiency and flexibility for LPWANs, outperforming existing CSS methods.

Findings

Higher spectral efficiency compared to existing schemes

LDMCSS requires fewer layers for similar performance

Effective under various channel conditions and offsets

Abstract

This article examines two chirp spread spectrum techniques specifically devised for low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) to optimize energy and spectral efficiency (SE). These methods referred to as layered CSS (LCSS) and layered dual-mode CSS (LDMCSS), involves utilizing multiple layers for multiplexing symbols with varying chirp rates. These waveform designs exemplify a high degree of SE compared to existing schemes. Additionally, LDMCSS necessitates a lesser number of layers than LCSS to attain comparable SE, thereby reducing computational complexity. These proposed techniques can employ coherent and non-coherent detection and can be adjusted to achieve various spectral efficiencies by altering the number of multiplexed layers. Unlike our proposed LCSS and LDMCSS, other CSS alternatives for LPWANs cannot provide the same level of flexibility and SE. The performance of these techniques is evaluated in terms of bit error rate under different channel conditions, as well as with phase and frequency offsets.