Why Algorithms Remain Unjust: Power Structures Surrounding Algorithmic Activity

TL;DR

This paper argues that algorithmic injustice stems from economic power dominance and proposes empowering end users as a pathway to social justice, emphasizing the need for ongoing power structure reevaluation.

Contribution

It introduces a framework analyzing power structures around algorithms and applies Wright's transformations to promote social justice in Algorithmic Activity.

Findings

Algorithmic injustice is rooted in economic power dominance.

Empowering end users can lead to more just algorithmic systems.

Continuous reevaluation of power structures is necessary for social justice.

Abstract

Algorithms are unavoidable in our social lives, yet often perpetuate social injustices. The popular means of addressing this is through algorithmic reformism: fine-tuning algorithms themselves to be more fair, accountable, and transparent. However, reformism fails to curtail algorithmic injustice because it ignores the power structure surrounding algorithms. Heeding calls from critical algorithm studies, I employ a framework developed by Erik Olin Wright to examine the configuration of power surrounding algorithmic systems in society (Algorithmic Activity). Algorithmic Activity is unjust because it is dominated by economic power. To create socially just Algorithmic Activity, the power configuration must instead empower end users. I explore Wright's symbiotic, interstitial, and raptural transformations in the context of just Algorithmic Activity. My vision for social justice in algorithmic systems requires a continuous (re)evaluation of how power can be transformed in light of current structure, social theories, evolving methodologies, and one's relationship to power itself.