A real/fast-time simulator for impact assessment of spoofing & jamming attacks on GNSS receivers

TL;DR

This paper presents a GNSS threat simulator capable of evaluating spoofing and jamming attacks in real-time, aiding the development of countermeasures for aviation safety.

Contribution

It introduces a novel GNSS security impact simulator that can be integrated into real and fast-time simulations for effective threat assessment.

Findings

Simulator effectively injects threat scenarios into GNSS measurements.

In-flight demonstrations validate the simulator's practical applicability.

The tool aids in assessing countermeasures against GNSS spoofing and jamming.

Abstract

In aviation, the impact of threats is becoming increasingly significant, particularly for global navigation satellite system (GNSS). Two relevant GNSS threats are represented by jamming and spoofing. In order to evaluate the technological solutions to counter GNSS attacks, such attacks should be assessed by means of a proper GNSS threat simulator. This work shows the implementation and the testing results of a GNSS security impact simulator which injects the desired threat scenarios as a deviations on the GNSS actual measurements. The proposed simulator can be integrated in both real- and fast-time simulation environments. The provided results confirm the effectiveness of the simulator, and include in-flight demonstrations by means of a flight experimental vehicle.