Physical Implementability for Reversible Magic State Manipulation

TL;DR

This paper develops a reversible framework for magic state manipulation in quantum computing, establishing conditions for exact transformations and introducing physical implementability as a measure of resource cost.

Contribution

It introduces a necessary and sufficient condition for reversible magic state transformations and proposes physical implementability as a new way to quantify quantum resource costs.

Findings

Magic mana is the unique measure for reversible transformations.

Reversibility beyond positivity constraints parallels entanglement theory.

Physical implementability offers a new operational perspective on quantum resource costs.

Abstract

Magic states are essential for achieving universal quantum computation. This study introduces a reversible framework for the manipulation of magic states in odd dimensions, delineating a necessary and sufficient condition for the exact transformations between magic states under maps that preserve the trace of states and positivity of discrete Wigner representation. Utilizing the stochastic formalism, we demonstrate that magic mana emerges as the unique measure for such reversible magic state transformations. We propose the concept of physical implementability for characterizing the hardness and cost of maintaining reversibility. Our findings show that, analogous to the entanglement theory, going beyond the positivity constraint enables an exact reversible theory of magic manipulation, thereby hinting at a potential incongruity between the reversibility of quantum resources and the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. Physical implementability for reversible manipulation provides a new perspective for understanding and quantifying quantum resources, contributing to an operational framework for understanding the cost of reversible quantum resource manipulation.