Low angular momentum general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic accretion flow around rotating black holes with shocks

TL;DR

This paper presents the first self-consistent solutions of shock-induced GRMHD accretion flows around rotating black holes, revealing how magnetic flux and black hole spin influence shock properties and parameter space.

Contribution

It introduces novel shock solutions in GRMHD accretion flows around Kerr black holes, exploring the effects of magnetic flux and spin on shock characteristics and parameter domains.

Findings

Shock solutions exist over a wide parameter range.

Shock properties depend strongly on flow parameters.

Critical magnetic flux varies with black hole spin.

Abstract

We investigate the global structure of general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic (GRMHD) accretion flows around Kerr black holes containing shock waves, where the disk is threaded by radial and toroidal magnetic fields. We self-consistently solve the GRMHD equations that govern the flow motion inside the disk and for the first time to our knowledge, we obtain the shock-induced global GRMHD accretion solutions around weakly as well as rapidly rotating black holes for a set of fundamental flow parameters, such as energy ($E$), angular momentum ($L$), radial magnetic flux ($\Phi$), and iso-rotation parameter ($F$). We show that shock properties, namely shock radius ($r_{\rm sh}$), compression ratio ($R$) and shock strength ($\Psi$) strongly depends on $E$, $L$, $\Phi$, and $F$. We observe that shock in GRMHD flow continues to exist for wide range of the flow parameters, which allows us to identify the effective domain of parameter space in $L-E$ plane where shock solutions are feasible. Moreover, we examine the modification of the shock parameter space and find that it shifts towards the lower angular momentum values with increasing $\Phi$ and black hole spin ($a_{\rm k}$). Finally, we compute the critical radial magnetic flux ($\Phi^{\rm cri}$) that admits shocks in GRMHD flow and ascertain that $\Phi^{\rm cri}$ is higher (lower) for black hole of spin $a_{\rm k} = 0.99$ ($0.0$) and vice versa.