GSDeformer: Direct, Real-time and Extensible Cage-based Deformation for 3D Gaussian Splatting

TL;DR

GSDeformer introduces a real-time, cage-based deformation method for 3D Gaussian Splatting that is compatible with existing models, automates cage construction, and handles complex deformations without retraining.

Contribution

It bridges cage-based deformation with 3D Gaussian Splatting using a proxy point cloud, automates cage creation, and maintains compatibility with vanilla 3DGS architectures.

Findings

Delivers superior deformation results compared to existing methods.

Operates in real-time without retraining.

Robust under extreme deformations.

Abstract

We present GSDeformer, a method that enables cage-based deformation on 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS). Our approach bridges cage-based deformation and 3DGS by using a proxy point-cloud representation. This point cloud is generated from 3D Gaussians, and deformations applied to the point cloud are translated into transformations on the 3D Gaussians. To handle potential bending caused by deformation, we incorporate a splitting process to approximate it. Our method does not modify or extend the core architecture of 3D Gaussian Splatting, making it compatible with any trained vanilla 3DGS or its variants. Additionally, we automate cage construction for 3DGS and its variants using a render-and-reconstruct approach. Experiments demonstrate that GSDeformer delivers superior deformation results compared to existing methods, is robust under extreme deformations, requires no retraining for editing, runs in real-time, and can be extended to other 3DGS variants. Project Page: https://jhuangbu.github.io/gsdeformer/