Review of detector requirements: some challenges for the present

TL;DR

This paper reviews the challenges in detector requirements for astrophysics, emphasizing the importance of spectral fidelity and calibration to achieve high-precision measurements across various observational techniques.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of detector and calibration challenges necessary for improving measurement accuracy in astrophysics.

Findings

Spectral fidelity is crucial for accurate astrophysical measurements.

Calibration and correction processes are key to achieving high precision.

Detector requirements vary across photometry, spectroscopy, and astrometry.

Abstract

Astrophysics demands higher precision in measurements across photometry, spectroscopy, and astrometry. Several science cases necessitate not only precision but also a high level of accuracy. We highlight the challenges involved, particularly in achieving spectral fidelity, which refers to our ability to accurately replicate the input spectrum of an astrophysical source. Beyond wavelength calibration, this encompasses correcting observed spectra for atmospheric, telescope, and instrumental signatures. Elevating spectral fidelity opens avenues for addressing fundamental questions in physics and astrophysics. We delve into specific science cases, critically analyzing the prerequisites for conducting crucial observations. Special attention is given to the requirements for spectrograph detectors, their calibrations and data reduction. Importantly, these considerations align closely with the needs of photometry and astrometry.