LookUp3D: Data-Driven 3D Scanning

TL;DR

LookUp3D introduces a high-speed, high-resolution 3D scanning method using a per-pixel lookup table, enabling real-time capture of deformable objects at hundreds of frames per second with high accuracy.

Contribution

This work presents the first 3D scanning system capable of capturing deformable objects at 450 fps with 1 Megapixel resolution using a novel lookup table calibration approach.

Findings

Achieves 450 fps at 1 Megapixel resolution in controlled lighting.

Successfully captures high-speed deformations and oscillations.

Outperforms existing sensors like Kinect and Realsense in dynamic scenarios.

Abstract

High speed, high-resolution, and accurate 3D scanning would open doors to many new applications in graphics, robotics, science, and medicine by enabling the accurate scanning of deformable objects during interactions. Past attempts to use structured light, time-of-flight, and stereo in high-speed settings have usually required tradeoffs in resolution or inaccuracy. In this paper, we introduce a method that enables, for the first time, 3D scanning at 450 frames per second at 1~Megapixel, or 1,450 frames per second at 0.4~Megapixel in an environment with controlled lighting. The key idea is to use a per-pixel lookup table that maps colors to depths, which is built using a linear stage. Imperfections, such as lens-distortion and sensor defects are baked into the calibration. We describe our method and test it on a novel hardware prototype. We compare the system with both ground-truth geometry as well as commercially available dynamic sensors like the Microsoft Kinect and Intel Realsense. Our results show the system acquiring geometry of objects undergoing high-speed deformations and oscillations and demonstrate the ability to recover physical properties from the reconstructions.