Quantum droplets in dipolar condensate mixtures with arbitrary dipole orientations

TL;DR

This paper studies how the polarization angle in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate affects ground states, revealing controllable miscibility and droplet formation, which could lead to new quantum matter states.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the polarization angle can tune miscibility and droplet arrangements in dipolar condensates, adding a new control parameter for quantum gas research.

Findings

Polarization angle influences miscibility between components.

Multiple droplets form with zig-zag profiles in certain regimes.

Number of droplets depends solely on polarization angle.

Abstract

Through considering a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate, we investigate the influence of the angle between the polarization orientations of the two species on the ground states, and show that the miscibility between the two components can be adjusted not only by the inter-component contact interaction but also by the polarization angle. Particularly, in the presence of an external confinement, the two species exhibit a preference for splitting into multiple droplets separated from each other in the immiscible regime, featuring a zig-zag like profile. Furthermore, the number of separated droplets depends solely on the polarization angle. This introduces a promising degree of freedom for exploring emergent states of matter in dipolar quantum gases.