Gravitational wave in a filtered vector dark matter model

TL;DR

This paper investigates gravitational wave signals generated by a first order phase transition in a vector dark matter model, showing potential detectability by future space-based GW observatories.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of gravitational wave production from FOPT in a vector dark matter scenario, linking bubble filtering to relic abundance and GW signals.

Findings

GW signals are potentially detectable by DECIGO, TianQin, LISA, and UDECIGO.

The model links dark matter relic abundance to phase transition dynamics.

Bubble filtering affects the fraction of VDM entering the bubble.

Abstract

We consider a first order phase transition (FOPT) for a Vector Dark Matter (VDM) in the early universe in which its mass may partially arise from such mechanism in the hidden sector. We calculate the ratio of VDM that may enter the bubble for various bubble wall velocities as well as various nucleation temperatures that produce the measured dark matter relic abundance via bubble filtering. In the following, we focus on gravitational wave (GW) signals which produced by FOPT and show that it can be detectable at the DECIGO, TianQin, LISA and Ultimate-DECIGO (UDECIGO) experiments.