Quantum Complexity Fluctuations from Nuclear and Hypernuclear Forces

TL;DR

This paper explores quantum information aspects, specifically quantum magic and its fluctuations, in nuclear and hypernuclear forces to understand the computational resources needed for quantum modeling of dense matter.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of 'magic power' of the S-matrix as a measure of quantum magic fluctuations in nuclear scattering processes, linking quantum information to nuclear physics.

Findings

Magic power varies across different scattering processes.

$\Sigma^-$-baryon may enhance quantum magic in dense matter.

Experimental phase shifts inform quantum resource estimates.

Abstract

Toward an improved understanding of the role of quantum information in nuclei and exotic matter, we examine the quantum magic (non-stabilizerness) in low-energy strong interaction processes. As stabilizer states can be prepared efficiently using classical computers, and include classes of entangled states, it is quantum magic and fluctuations in quantum magic, together with entanglement, that determine computational resource requirements. As a measure of fluctuations in quantum magic, and hence the severity of the exponentially-scaling classical computing resource requirements, induced by scattering, the "magic power" of the S-matrix is introduced. This provides indirect experimental constraints on quantum resources required to model nuclei and dense matter using fault-tolerant quantum computers. Using experimentally-determined scattering phase shifts and mixing parameters, the magic power in nucleon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon scattering, along with the magic in the deuteron, are found to exhibit interesting and distinct features. The $\Sigma^-$-baryon is identified as a potential candidate catalyst for enhanced spreading of magic and entanglement in dense matter, depending on in-medium decoherence.