Enhanced Terahertz Spectroscopy of a Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenide

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a highly sensitive terahertz spectroscopy method for monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides using engineered metallic surfaces to enhance absorption, enabling detailed phonon resonance characterization and effective permittivity extraction.

Contribution

The study introduces an engineered metallic surface to significantly boost terahertz absorption, allowing direct phonon resonance measurement in monolayer TMDs for the first time.

Findings

Ten-thousand-fold local absorption enhancement achieved.

Successful extraction of phonon resonance features.

Determination of monolayer permittivity around phonon resonance.

Abstract

Two-dimensional materials, including transition metal dichalcogenides, are attractive for a variety of applications in electronics as well as photonics and have recently been envisioned as an appealing platform for phonon polaritonics. However, their direct characterization in the terahertz spectral region, of interest for retrieving, e.g., their phonon response, represents a major challenge, due to the limited sensitivity of typical terahertz spectroscopic tools and the weak interaction of such long-wavelength radiation with sub-nanometer systems. In this work, by exploiting an ad-hoc engineered metallic surface enabling a ten-thousand-fold local absorption boost, we perform enhanced terahertz spectroscopy of a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (tungsten diselenide) and extract its dipole-active phonon resonance features. In addition, we use these data to obtain the monolayer effective permittivity around its phonon resonance. Via the direct terahertz characterization of the phonon response of such two-dimensional systems, this method opens the path to the rational design of phonon polariton devices exploiting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides.