Using ChatGPT for Thematic Analysis

TL;DR

This paper investigates the use of ChatGPT for initial coding in qualitative thematic analysis of UN policy documents, discussing benefits, limitations, and validation strategies to enhance research efficiency while addressing ethical concerns.

Contribution

It provides a practical methodological framework for integrating ChatGPT into thematic analysis, including validation techniques and risk mitigation strategies.

Findings

ChatGPT can assist in initial coding for thematic analysis.

Using ChatGPT improves research efficiency.

Identifies ethical and reliability challenges in AI-assisted analysis.

Abstract

The utilisation of AI-driven tools, notably ChatGPT, within academic research is increasingly debated from several perspectives including ease of implementation, and potential enhancements in research efficiency, as against ethical concerns and risks such as biases and unexplained AI operations. This paper explores the use of the GPT model for initial coding in qualitative thematic analysis using a sample of UN policy documents. The primary aim of this study is to contribute to the methodological discussion regarding the integration of AI tools, offering a practical guide to validation for using GPT as a collaborative research assistant. The paper outlines the advantages and limitations of this methodology and suggests strategies to mitigate risks. Emphasising the importance of transparency and reliability in employing GPT within research methodologies, this paper argues for a balanced use of AI in supported thematic analysis, highlighting its potential to elevate research efficacy and outcomes.