Exploring Dynamical Phase Transitions in the XY Chain through Linear Quench: Early and Long-term Perspectives

TL;DR

This paper studies the nonequilibrium dynamics and dynamical phase transitions in the XY chain induced by finite-time linear quenches, revealing conditions for DQPT occurrence and long-term relaxation behaviors.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the conditions for dynamical quantum phase transitions during and after linear quenches in the XY chain, including the role of critical point distancing and long-term relaxation patterns.

Findings

DQPT occurs after the ramp if the critical point is crossed

Fast ramps suppress DQPT during the ramp due to insufficient distancing from criticality

Long-term relaxation exhibits power-law decay similar to sudden quenches

Abstract

We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics induced by a finite-time linear quench in the XY chain. Initially, we examine the dynamical quantum phase transition, characterized by the nonanalytic behavior of the Loschmidt amplitude. We find distinct behaviors of DQPTs during and following the ramp. Following the ramp, the ramp crossing the critical point $h_{c}$ is the sufficient condition for the occurrence of DQPT, but it is not during the ramp. Through AIA approximation analysis, we establish that adequate distancing from the critical point is crucial for DQPT manifestation during the ramp, elucidating the absence of DQPT as the ramp gets faster. Additionally, we explore another type of dynamical phase transition, describing the long-term relaxation behavior of the order parameter. Our finding indicates that the asymptotic behavior of the time-dependent part induced by the linear quench is equivalent to that following a sudden quench, i.e., time-dependent part exhibits power-law decays of $\sim t^{-3/2}$ and $\sim t^{-1/2}$ for the ramp to the commensurate and incommensurate phases, respectively. Moreover, we also delve into the steady part, which showcases nonanalytic singularities at the critical point.