Production cross sections of superheavy elements: insights from the dinuclear system model with high-quality microscopic nuclear masses

TL;DR

This paper enhances predictions of superheavy element synthesis by integrating high-quality microscopic nuclear masses into the dinuclear system model, improving accuracy over traditional mass models and guiding experimental efforts.

Contribution

It introduces the use of HQMNM within the DNS model, demonstrating improved fit to experimental data and systematically identifying optimal projectile-target combinations for superheavy element synthesis.

Findings

HQMNM provides a better fit to experimental data than FRDM12.

The model accurately reproduces hot fusion experimental results.

Optimal projectile-target combinations for elements 119 and 120 are identified.

Abstract

To accurately predict the synthesis cross-sections of superheavy elements, identifying the optimal projectile-target combinations and the evaporation channels at specific collision energies, we have attempted to utilize high-quality microscopic nuclear masses (HQMNM) within the dinuclear system (DNS) model, which are obtained by fitting experimental data with the Skyrme energy density functional theory (DFT), as published in Phys. Lett. B 851 (2024) 138578. The atomic nuclear mass serves as a crucial input for the DNS model, as the Q-values and separation energies it generates directly influence the calculated fusion and survival probabilities. Our calculations have reproduced the experimental data for hot fusion and have been compared with results based on the finite-range droplet model (FRDM12) mass calculations. Compared to the FRDM12 mass results, we have found that the HQMNM provides a better fit to the experimental outcomes. For the specific reaction of \(^{48}\rm{Ca} + ^{243}\rm{Am} \rightarrow ^{291}\rm{Mc}^*\), we have conducted a detailed calculation of capture, fusion, and survival based on the HQMNM model and compared these with calculations based on other mass models. Based on these findings, we have systematically calculated available projectile target combinations for the synthesis of elements 119 and 120, and identified the optimal combinations. We provided the synthesis cross-sections, collision energies, and evaporation channels, offering a reference for conducting experiments on the synthesis of superheavy elements.