An Abstract Model and Efficient Routing for Logical Entangling Gates on Zoned Neutral Atom Architectures

TL;DR

This paper introduces an abstract model and an efficient routing algorithm for logical entangling gates in zoned neutral atom quantum architectures, improving circuit compilation and reducing overhead.

Contribution

It provides a novel abstract model and a routing solution for entangling gates, enhancing parallelism and efficiency in neutral atom quantum computing architectures.

Findings

NALAC significantly reduces routing overhead for logical entangling gates.

The proposed method improves parallelism in entangling operations.

The approach is implemented as an open-source tool within the Munich Quantum Toolkit.

Abstract

Recent experimental achievements have demonstrated the potential of neutral atom architectures for fault-tolerant quantum computing. These architectures feature the dynamic rearrangement of atoms during computation, enabling nearly arbitrary two-dimensional rearrangements. Additionally, they employ a zoned layout with dedicated regions for entangling, storage, and readout. This architecture requires design automation software that efficiently compiles quantum circuits to this hardware and takes care that atoms are in the right place at the right time. In this paper, we initiate this line of work by providing, (1) an abstract model of the novel architecture and, (2) an efficient solution to the routing problem of entangling gates. By this, we aim to maximize the parallelism of entangling gates and minimize the overhead caused by the routing of atoms between zones. In addition to that, we keep the realm of fault-tolerant quantum computing in mind and consider logical qubit arrays, each of which encodes one logical qubit. We implemented the proposed idea as a tool called NALAC and demonstrated its effectiveness and efficiency by showing that it can significantly reduce the routing overhead of logical entangling gates compared to the naive approach. As part of the Munich Quantum Toolkit (MQT), NALAC is publicly available as open-source at https://github.com/cda-tum/mqt-qmap.