Experimental study of a tunable hybrid III-V-on-silicon laser for spectral characterization of fiber Bragg grating sensors

TL;DR

This paper presents the characterization of a hybrid III-V on silicon tunable laser for spectral analysis of fiber Bragg grating sensors, aiming to develop compact, integrated interrogation units for structural health monitoring.

Contribution

It introduces a fully-packaged hybrid tunable laser diode operating in the C and L bands, with analysis of wavelength modulation and potential for high-speed, integrated FBG sensor interrogation.

Findings

Wavelength maps and modulation behavior analyzed.

Preliminary FBG spectra comparison with broadband source.

Discussion on design improvements for higher scan rates.

Abstract

Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors offer multiple benefits in comparison with electronic sensors due to their compactness, electromagnetic immunity as well as their resistance to harsh environments and their multiplexing capabilities. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is one of the various potential industrial applications that could take full advantage of those sensors. However, there is a need for a low size, weight, power and cost interrogation unit for certain application areas such as aerospace or aeronautics. That is the reason why recent efforts have been made to use integrated components and circuits for interrogation of FBGs. Among different techniques, interrogation with a swept laser source is of high interest since it has a high multiplexing capability and could reach a high level of integration using other integrated components such as photodetectors, grating couplers or directional couplers to form a compact interrogation unit. In this paper, we present characterization results of a fully-packaged hybrid III-V on silicon tunable laser diode operating in the C and L bands. Wavelength maps are produced and analyzed and modulation of emitted wavelength is discussed. Preliminary results corresponding to a moderate frequency (10-Hz sweep rate) were obtained and FBG reflection spectra acquired with a broadband source (BBS) and a swept laser diode are compared. Finally, we discuss potential design improvements in order to reach high scan rates (> 10 kHz) and a large tuning range.