Statistical mechanics from relational complex time with a pure state

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the canonical density in statistical mechanics can arise from a maximally entangled global state and relational complex time evolution, without entropy maximization or state counting.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach where the canonical density emerges from relational complex time evolution in a maximally entangled state, bypassing traditional entropy and state counting methods.

Findings

Canonical density emerges from entangled global states

Relational complex time evolution explains thermodynamic behavior

No need for entropy maximization or state counting

Abstract

Thermodynamics and its quantum counterpart are traditionally described with statistical ensembles. Canonical typicality has related statistical mechanics for a system to ensembles of global energy eigen- states of system and its environment analyzing their cardinality. We show that the canonical density for a system emerges from a maximally entangled global state of system and environment through relational complex time evolution between system and environment without the need to maximize the entropy or to count states.