Spelunker: A quick-look Python pipeline for JWST NIRISS FGS Guide Star Data

TL;DR

Spelunker is a Python library designed to facilitate access and analysis of JWST NIRISS FGS guide star data, enabling diverse scientific and technical investigations with these high-cadence images.

Contribution

It introduces a new, publicly available Python pipeline for easy retrieval and analysis of JWST guide star imaging data, filling a gap in existing tools.

Findings

Enables efficient access to JWST guide star data

Supports diverse scientific investigations including transient detection

Facilitates technical anomaly analysis

Abstract

The James Webb Space Telescope produces some of the highest sensitivity imaging of the cosmos across all instruments. One of them, the NIRISS Fine Guidance Sensor, provides guide star imaging with a passband of 0.6 to 5 microns through two separate channels, each with a 2.3' x 2.3' field of view (FOV) and a sampling rate of 64 ms$-$data that is taken in parallel and is thus available for every JWST observing program. While the onboard system uses guide stars to provide information to the attitude control system (ACS), which stabilizes the observatory, the astronomical community can also use the data products associated with these 64 ms cadence images as science products. Usages range from studying guide star photometry in search of transient phenomena to using these data to identify and investigate technical anomalies that might occur during scientific observations with the rest of the JWST instruments. Despite this wide range of possible usages, these data products are not straightforward to manipulate and analyze, and there is no publicly available package to download, investigate, and research guide star data. Spelunker is a Python library that was developed to enable access to these guide star data products and their analysis.