Amplitude analysis of $ B^0 \to K^0_S K^+ K^-$ decays in a quasi-two-body QCD factorization approach

TL;DR

This paper develops a quasi-two-body QCD factorization model for the decay $B^0 o K^0_S K^+ K^-$, fitting experimental data and analyzing CP asymmetries with a small set of parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a novel amplitude model incorporating kaon interactions and unitarity constraints, fitting existing data with high accuracy and providing a basis for future experimental analyses.

Findings

Model fits 2010 Belle and 2012 BABAR data with $ ext{chi}^2$/dof = 1.43.

Dominant decay mode is $f_0(K^+K^-) K^0_S$ with 83%.

Predicted total CP asymmetry is -0.11%, consistent with experimental results.

Abstract

The $B^0 \to K^0_S K^+ K^- $ decay amplitude is derived within a quasi-two-body QCD factorization framework in terms of kaon form factors and $B^0$ to two-kaon-transition functions. The final state kaon-kaon interactions in the $S$, $P$, and $D$ waves are taken into account. The unitarity constraints are satisfied for the two kaons in scalar states. It is shown that with few terms of the full decay amplitude one may reach a fair agreement with the total branching fraction and Dalitz-plot projections published in 2010 by the Belle Collaboration and in 2012 by the $\textit{BABAR}$ Collaboration. With 13 free parameters, our model fits the corresponding 422 data with a $\chi^2$ of 583.6 which leads to a $\chi^2$ per degree of freedom equal to 1.43. The dominant branching fraction arises from the $f_0(K^+K^-) K^0_S$ mode with 83.0$\%$ of the total branching. The next important mode is dominated by $\phi K^0_S$ plus small $\omega K^0_S$ and $\rho^0 K^0_S$ modes with 18.3$\%$ of the total. Then follows the $a_0^\pm K^\mp$ mode with 6.2$\%$. Adding the other smaller modes, the total percentage sum is 107.7$\%$ which indicates a small interference contribution. In most regions of the Dalitz plot, our model gives rather small $CP$ asymmetry, but in some parts its values can be large and positive or negative. Its predicted total value is equal to -0.11$\%$. The calculated time dependent $\textit{CP}$-asymmetry parameters agree, within errors, with those obtained by the $\textit{BABAR}$ analysis. Our model amplitude can be the basis for a parametrization in experimental Dalitz plot analyses of LHCb and Belle II Collaborations.