Multi-Mode Array Filtering of Resonance Fluorescence

TL;DR

This paper introduces a cavity-based multi-mode array filter for enhanced frequency filtering of photon correlations, enabling new regimes of quantum optical measurements with improved isolation and temporal response.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel multi-mode array filter with mode-dependent phase modulation, providing near rectangular frequency response and efficient calculation of filtered photon correlations.

Findings

Enhanced frequency isolation over single-mode filters.

Ability to explore new photon correlation regimes.

Efficient modeling of frequency-filtered correlations.

Abstract

We present a novel frequency-filtering method for measuring and calculating frequency-filtered photon-correlations. This novel method is a cavity-based system we call the multi-mode array filter, which consists of an array of tunable single-mode cavities that are equally spaced in frequency. By introducing a mode-dependent phase modulation, we produce a near rectangular frequency response, allowing us to increase the filter bandwidth -- and thus the temporal response -- without sacrificing frequency isolation. We model the frequency filtering using a cascaded quantum open systems approach which completely neglects any back-action of the filter onto the source system. This allows us to derive a closed set of operator moment equations for source and filter system operators, thus providing an extremely efficient method to calculate frequency-filtered first- and second-order correlation functions. We demonstrate this novel filtering method by applying it to a resonantly driven two-level atom. We present examples of frequency-filtered power spectra to demonstrate the improved frequency isolation of the multi-mode array filter over the single-mode filter. We then present results for the single-mode and multi-mode-array filtered second-order auto- and cross-correlation functions. These are compared against expressions derived in the secular approximation. The improved frequency isolation of the multi-mode array filter allows us to investigate new regimes of frequency-filtered photon correlations, such as two-photon leapfrog processes, and the effect of vanishing bandwidth on filtered auto-correlation functions.