On the thermodynamics of two-level Fermi and Bose nanosystems

TL;DR

This paper derives equations for quantum distribution functions in small two-level Fermi and Bose systems, analyzing their thermodynamic properties like entropy, heat capacity, and pressure across different degeneracies.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of thermodynamics in small two-level quantum systems, including explicit equations and temperature dependence of key properties.

Findings

Derived quantum distribution functions for small systems

Calculated temperature dependence of thermodynamic quantities

Analyzed effects of degeneracy on thermodynamic behavior

Abstract

Equations are obtained for the quantum distribution functions over discrete states in systems of non-interacting fermions and bosons with an arbitrary, including small, number of particles. The case of systems with two levels is considered in detail. The temperature dependences of entropy, heat capacities and pressure in two-level Fermi and Bose systems are calculated for various multiplicities of degeneracy of levels.