No black holes from light

TL;DR

This paper argues that light cannot form black holes because quantum effects like vacuum polarization prevent the energy concentration needed for event horizon formation.

Contribution

It demonstrates that quantum dissipative effects inhibit the energy buildup necessary for black hole formation from light.

Findings

Quantum effects prevent light from forming black holes.

Vacuum polarization dissipates energy buildup.

Black hole formation from light is theoretically impossible.

Abstract

We show that it is not possible to concentrate enough light to precipitate the formation of an event horizon. We argue that the dissipative quantum effects coming from the self-interaction of light (such as vacuum polarization) are enough to prevent any meaningful buildup of energy that could create a black hole in any realistic scenario.