Muon g-2, Long-Range Muon Spin Force, and Neutrino Oscillations

TL;DR

This paper explores how a proposed long-range muon spin force, mediated by a light axion-like particle, could explain the muon g-2 anomaly and impact neutrino oscillations, with current and future neutrino data providing strong constraints.

Contribution

It demonstrates that neutrino oscillation data can impose significant constraints on the long-range muon spin force model related to the muon g-2 anomaly.

Findings

Neutrino data from multiple experiments constrain the model.

Future experiments can improve sensitivity to the force.

Neutrino oscillations serve as a cross-check for the model.

Abstract

Recent studies have proposed using a geocentric muon spin force to account for the $(g-2)_\mu$ anomaly, with the long-range force mediator being a light axion-like particle. The mediator exhibits a CP-violating scalar coupling to nucleons and a normal derivative coupling to muons. Due to the weak symmetry, this axion inevitably couples to neutrinos, providing potential impact on neutrino oscillations. By utilizing neutrino data from BOREXINO, IceCube DeepCore, Super-Kamiokande, and SNO, we have identified that both atmospheric and solar neutrino data can impose stringent constraints on the long-range muon spin force model and the $(g-2)_\mu$ parameter space. With optimized data analysis techniques and the potential from future experiments, such as JUNO, Hyper-Kamiokande, SNO+, and IceCube PINGU, there exists a promising opportunity to achieve even greater sensitivities. Indeed, neutrino oscillations offer a robust and distinctive cross-check for the model, offering stringent constraints on the $(g-2)_\mu$ parameter space.