TRAMBA: A Hybrid Transformer and Mamba Architecture for Practical Audio and Bone Conduction Speech Super Resolution and Enhancement on Mobile and Wearable Platforms

TL;DR

TRAMBA is a novel hybrid transformer and Mamba architecture designed for efficient speech enhancement on mobile and wearable devices, leveraging pre-training and fine-tuning to improve bone conduction speech quality with minimal resources.

Contribution

The paper introduces TRAMBA, a hybrid model that combines transformer and Mamba architectures, optimized for resource-constrained platforms, and demonstrates significant improvements over existing methods.

Findings

Outperforms state-of-the-art GANs by up to 7.3% in PESQ and 1.8% in STOI.

Reduces memory footprint to less than 20 MB and speeds up inference by 465 times.

Enhances battery life and speech quality in noisy environments on wearable devices.

Abstract

We propose TRAMBA, a hybrid transformer and Mamba architecture for acoustic and bone conduction speech enhancement, suitable for mobile and wearable platforms. Bone conduction speech enhancement has been impractical to adopt in mobile and wearable platforms for several reasons: (i) data collection is labor-intensive, resulting in scarcity; (ii) there exists a performance gap between state of-art models with memory footprints of hundreds of MBs and methods better suited for resource-constrained systems. To adapt TRAMBA to vibration-based sensing modalities, we pre-train TRAMBA with audio speech datasets that are widely available. Then, users fine-tune with a small amount of bone conduction data. TRAMBA outperforms state-of-art GANs by up to 7.3% in PESQ and 1.8% in STOI, with an order of magnitude smaller memory footprint and an inference speed up of up to 465 times. We integrate TRAMBA into real systems and show that TRAMBA (i) improves battery life of wearables by up to 160% by requiring less data sampling and transmission; (ii) generates higher quality voice in noisy environments than over-the-air speech; (iii) requires a memory footprint of less than 20.0 MB.