Simple loss-tolerant protocol for GHZ-state distribution in a quantum network

TL;DR

This paper introduces a simple, loss-tolerant protocol for distributing GHZ states in quantum networks that improves rate-loss scaling without needing quantum repeaters, suitable for current technology.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel loss-tolerant protocol for GHZ-state distribution that enhances rate-loss scaling and is implementable with existing quantum optics technology.

Findings

Demonstrates improved rate-loss scaling compared to direct transmission

Achievable with current quantum optics technology

Reduces requirements for quantum error correction codes

Abstract

Distributed quantum entanglement plays a crucial role in realizing networks that connect quantum devices. However, sharing entanglement between distant nodes by means of photons is a challenging process primary due to unavoidable losses in the linking channels. In this paper, we propose a simple loss-tolerant protocol for the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state distribution. We analyze the distribution rate under feasible experimental conditions and demonstrate the advantages of rate-loss scaling with respect to direct transmission. Our protocol does not use quantum repeaters and is achievable with current quantum optics technology. The result has direct application to tasks such as conference key agreement or distributed sensing. Moreover, it reduces the requirements for implementing distributed quantum error correction codes such as the surface code.