Constraints on Cosmological Models from Quasars Calibrated with Type Ia Supernova by a Gaussian Process

TL;DR

This study uses quasars calibrated with Type Ia supernovae to constrain cosmological models, finding that certain quasar relations can effectively complement other data in estimating key cosmological parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a redshift-evolutionary quasar luminosity relation (Type I) that effectively constrains the $ ext{Lambda}$CDM model when combined with supernova and Hubble data.

Findings

Type I relation provides effective constraints on $ ext{Lambda}$CDM.

Combined data yields $M$ consistent with SH0ES measurements.

Hubble constant estimate falls between SH0ES and Planck values.

Abstract

In this paper, we use quasars calibrated from type Ia supernova (SN Ia) to constrain cosmological models. We consider three different X-ray luminosity ($L_{X}$) - ultraviolet luminosity ($L_{UV}$) relations of quasars, i.e., the standard $L_{X}$-$L_{UV}$ relation and two redshift-evolutionary relations (Type I and Type II) respectively constructed from copula and considering a redshift correction to the luminosity of quasars. Only in the case of the Type I relation, quasars can always provide effective constraints on the $\Lambda$CDM model. Furthermore, we show that, when the observational Hubble data (OHD) are added, the constraints on the absolute magnitude $M$ of SN Ia and the Hubble constant $H_0$ can be obtained. In the $\Lambda$CDM model, the OHD measurements plus quasars with the Type I relation yields $M$ =$-19.321^{+0.085}_{-0.076}$, which is in good agreement with the measurement from SH0ES ($M=-19.253\pm{0.027}$), and $H_0$ = $70.80\pm3.6~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}Mpc^{-1}}$, falling between the measurements from SH0ES and the Planck cosmic microwave background radiation data.