Nuclear incompressibility and its enduring impact on fusion cross-section

TL;DR

This study investigates how nuclear incompressibility influences fusion cross-sections in reactions involving Sn, Pb, and Ni isotopes, using relativistic mean field models to connect nuclear matter properties with fusion outcomes.

Contribution

It demonstrates the correlation between nuclear incompressibility and fusion cross-sections, highlighting the importance of soft equations of state for accurately modeling Sn-isotope fusion.

Findings

Decreased incompressibility leads to lower fusion barrier heights.

The NL1 parameter set better reproduces sub-barrier fusion data for Sn isotopes.

Nuclear potentials vary with RMF parameterizations, affecting fusion cross-section predictions.

Abstract

The fusion mechanism of reactions involving even-even $^{112-124}$Sn, doubly magic $^{132}$Sn, $^{208}$Pb as targets, and $^{64}$Ni as the projectile is explored within the relativistic mean field (RMF) formalism. The main aim of choosing these nuclei is to explore the correlation between the nuclear incompressibility and the fusion cross-section. The nucleus-nucleus interaction potential is calculated by folding the axially deformed nuclear densities and the relativistic R3Y nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential obtained for the nonlinear sets of NL3$^*$, hybrid, and NL1, which yield different values for various characteristics of nuclear matter at saturation. The fusion barrier characteristics obtained for different RMF parameterizations are further used to calculate the cross-section within the $\ell$-summed Wong model. We found a decrease in the barrier height and consequently, an increase in the cross-section with a decrease in the incompressibility for all sets of parameters considered. The calculated cross section is satisfactorily consistent with the available experimental data for $^{64}$Ni+$^{208}$Pb system. In contrast, the nuclear potentials obtained for NL3$^*$ and the hybrid parameter sets underestimate the cross-section at below-barrier energies for $^{64}$Ni+$^{112-124,132}$Sn reactions. This discrepancy between the experimental data and the theoretical results for $^{64}$Ni+$^{112-124,132}$Sn reactions can be correlated with the soft behaviour of the Sn isotopes. The compressible nature of Sn-isotopes is inferred to lower the barrier height, which further leads to enhancement of the experimental fusion and/or capture cross-section at below-barrier energies. Thus, the NL1 parameter set with a comparatively soft equation of state (EoS) is observed to be a better choice to describe the sub-barrier nuclear fusion dynamics of reactions involving the Sn-isotopes.