185 mW, 1 MHz, 15 fs carrier-envelope phase-stable pulse generation via polarization-optimized down-conversion from gas-filled hollow-core fiber

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a method to generate 185 mW, 1 MHz, 15 fs carrier-envelope phase-stable pulses via polarization control in gas-filled hollow-core fibers, enhancing efficiency and stability for ultrafast laser applications.

Contribution

It introduces a polarization optimization technique in hollow-core fibers that improves difference frequency generation efficiency without compromising pulse duration or bandwidth.

Findings

Achieved 185 mW, 1 MHz, 15 fs pulses with stable CEP.

Controlled polarization state enhances DFG efficiency.

Overcomes previous bandwidth and dispersion limitations.

Abstract

Gas-filled hollow core fibers allow the generation of single-cycle pulses at megahertz repetition rates. When coupled with difference frequency generation, they can be an ideal driver for the generation of carrier-envelope phase stable, octave-spanning pulses in the short-wavelength infrared. In this work, we investigate the dependence of the polarization state in gas-filled hollow-core fibers on the subsequent difference frequency generation stage. We show that by adjusting the input polarization state of light in geometrically symmetric systems, such as hollow-core fibers, one can achieve precise control over the polarization state of the output pulses. Importantly, this manipulation preserves the temporal characteristics of the ultrashort pulses generated, especially when operating near the single-cycle regime. We leverage this property to boost the down-conversion efficiency of these pulses in a type I difference frequency generation stage. Our technique overcomes the bandwidth and dispersion constraints of the previous methods that rely on broadband waveplates or adjustment of crystal axes relative to the laboratory frame. This advancement is crucial for experiments demanding pure polarization states in the eigenmodes of the laboratory frame.