Benchmarking Large Language Models for Persian: A Preliminary Study Focusing on ChatGPT

TL;DR

This study benchmarks large language models like GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and OpenChat-3.5 on Persian language tasks, revealing their strengths in reasoning and knowledge but also highlighting areas needing improvement, especially compared to fine-tuned models.

Contribution

First comprehensive benchmarking of LLMs on Persian, including new reasoning benchmarks and insights into performance differences with fine-tuned models.

Findings

GPT-4 excels in reasoning and knowledge tasks.

Translation to English improves GPT-3.5 performance.

Fine-tuned models outperform LLMs on specific tasks.

Abstract

This paper explores the efficacy of large language models (LLMs) for Persian. While ChatGPT and consequent LLMs have shown remarkable performance in English, their efficiency for more low-resource languages remains an open question. We present the first comprehensive benchmarking study of LLMs across diverse Persian language tasks. Our primary focus is on GPT-3.5-turbo, but we also include GPT-4 and OpenChat-3.5 to provide a more holistic evaluation. Our assessment encompasses a diverse set of tasks categorized into classic, reasoning, and knowledge-based domains. To enable a thorough comparison, we evaluate LLMs against existing task-specific fine-tuned models. Given the limited availability of Persian datasets for reasoning tasks, we introduce two new benchmarks: one based on elementary school math questions and another derived from the entrance exams for 7th and 10th grades. Our findings reveal that while LLMs, especially GPT-4, excel in tasks requiring reasoning abilities and a broad understanding of general knowledge, they often lag behind smaller pre-trained models fine-tuned specifically for particular tasks. Additionally, we observe improved performance when test sets are translated to English before inputting them into GPT-3.5. These results highlight the significant potential for enhancing LLM performance in the Persian language. This is particularly noteworthy due to the unique attributes of Persian, including its distinct alphabet and writing styles.