Distributed agency in second language learning and teaching through generative AI

TL;DR

This paper explores how generative AI can transform second language learning and teaching by enabling personalized, interactive, and immersive language practice, while also addressing ethical and social considerations.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of distributed agency in language learning through AI, integrating ecological and sociomaterial perspectives to understand human-AI interactions.

Findings

AI tools enable personalized language practice and feedback.

AI can enhance immersive and media-rich learning environments.

Limitations include handling nuanced social and cultural language aspects.

Abstract

Generative AI offers significant opportunities for language learning. Tools like ChatGPT can provide informal second language practice through chats in written or voice forms, with the learner specifying through prompts conversational parameters such as proficiency level, language register, and discussion topics. AI can be instructed to give corrective feedback, create practice exercises, or develop an extended study plan. Instructors can use AI to build learning and assessment materials in a variety of media. AI is likely to make immersive technologies more powerful and versatile, moving away from scripted interactions. For both learners and teachers, it is important to understand the limitations of AI systems that arise from their purely statistical model of human language, which limits their ability to deal with nuanced social and cultural aspects of language use. Additionally, there are ethical concerns over how AI systems are created as well as practical constraints in their use, especially for less privileged populations. The power and versatility of AI tools are likely to turn them into valuable and constant companions in many peoples lives (akin to smartphones), creating a close connection that goes beyond simple tool use. Ecological theories such as sociomaterialism are helpful in examining the shared agency that develops through close user-AI interactions, as are the perspectives on human-object relations from Indigenous cultures.