Cosmic shear with small scales: DES-Y3, KiDS-1000 and HSC-DR1

TL;DR

This study combines weak lensing data from DES-Y3, KiDS-1000, and HSC-DR1 using small angular scales and advanced modeling to derive cosmological parameters, revealing tensions with Planck CMB results and the importance of baryonic effects.

Contribution

It introduces a joint harmonic-space analysis on smaller scales with accurate baryonic modeling, improving constraints and highlighting tensions with Planck data.

Findings

$S_8$ consistent with Planck within 1.8σ

Low $ m extbf{ extit{ extOmega}}_m$ value in tension with Planck at 3σ

Including BAO data reduces tensions without worsening fit

Abstract

We present a cosmological analysis of the combination of the DES-Y3, KiDS-1000 and HSC-DR1 weak lensing samples under a joint harmonic-space pipeline making use of angular scales down to $\ell_{\rm max}=4500$, corresponding to significantly smaller scales ($\delta\theta\sim2.4'$) than those commonly used in cosmological weak lensing studies. We are able to do so by accurately modelling non-linearities and the impact of baryonic effects using Baccoemu. We find $S_8\equiv\sigma_8\sqrt{\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3}=0.795^{+0.015}_{-0.017}$, in relatively good agreement with CMB constraints from Planck (less than $\sim1.8\sigma$ tension), although we obtain a low value of $\Omega_{\rm m}=0.212^{+0.017}_{-0.032}$, in tension with Planck at the $\sim3\sigma$ level. We show that this can be recast as an $H_0$ tension if one parametrises the amplitude of fluctuations and matter abundance in terms of variables without hidden dependence on $H_0$. Furthermore, we find that this tension reduces significantly after including a prior on the distance-redshift relationship from BAO data, without worsening the fit. In terms of baryonic effects, we show that failing to model and marginalise over them on scales $\ell\lesssim2000$ does not significantly affect the posterior constraints for DES-Y3 and KiDS-1000, but has a mild effect on deeper samples, such as HSC-DR1. This is in agreement with our ability to only mildly constrain the parameters of the Baryon Correction Model with these data